Welding fumes can contain a mixture of metals such as manganese, chromium, nickel, and lead, as well as ozone and nitrogen oxides, all of which are harmful. Long-term exposure to these contaminants can lead to serious health issues, including respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and neurological disorders. Furthermore, inhalation of these fume components can exacerbate pre-existing health conditions, making it essential for welders to work in safe environments.