what chemicals do water treatment plants use

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Post-treatment disinfection is vital to eliminate pathogens that pose health risks. Chlorine gas and sodium hypochlorite are widely used disinfectants, effectively destroying bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. However, chlorine can react with organic matter, forming harmful by-products known as trihalomethanes (THMs). Alternative disinfection methods, including ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and ozone treatment, are gaining popularity, as they do not produce such by-products and are effective at inactivating a broad spectrum of pathogens.


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H3NSO4 is a sulfur-containing acid, distinguishable by its unique composition of nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. It can be represented in its molecular structure as H3N-SO4, indicating the presence of the thiol group. The acid is known for its relatively high acidity, which allows it to donate protons readily in aqueous solutions. It presents as a colorless or pale yellow liquid with a pungent odor, characteristic of sulfur compounds.


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