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However, the market could not sustain these high prices and strived for equilibrium, causing the prices to fall. Further, after the complete removal of restrictions, the factories churned out products at a much faster pace than the market offtakes. Hence, the manufacturers reduced their quotations to maintain positive product movement in the market. The spot prices of titanium dioxide averaged around 2264 USD/MT in June’23 in the Chinese market.
Titanium dioxide is predominantly used as a pigment in products such as paints, coatings, plastics, food, cosmetics, and paper. The ability of TiO2 to scatter light and provide a white color makes it an essential ingredient in achieving high-quality finishes in these applications. However, the production of titanium dioxide can be complex and costly, given that it involves raw materials such as ilmenite and rutile, as well as advanced processing technologies. Manufacturers are continuously striving to optimize costs without compromising quality, making the search for affordable suppliers a top priority for many businesses.
Fig. 9. Selected images of damaged skin treated with P25TiO2NPs 10% (left) and healthy skin treated with VitaminB2@P25TiO2NPs 10% (right).
Food-grade titanium dioxide differs from what’s added to plastics and paints to enhance whiteness. However, there have been concerns about the environmental impact of titanium dioxide production and the potential health risks from exposure to its particles.
Moreover, the gravimetric method's inherent accuracy makes it a preferred choice for regulatory compliance. Many manufacturing processes are subject to stringent quality regulations, and having reliable methods for determining material composition is fundamental to meeting these standards. Accurate gravimetric analysis assists manufacturers in minimizing waste, optimizing formulations, and ensuring that end products are both effective and safe.
Applications:
VB Chemicals large range of engineered Lithopone “Seal family” fully meets the European regulatory standards and is suitable for every application such as:
The risks associated with titanium dioxide exposure depend on a variety of factors, including the form of the mineral, the route of exposure (such as being inhaled or consumed), and the duration and intensity of exposure.


In an early study Jani et al. administred rutile TiO2 (500 nm) as a 0.1 ml of 2.5 % w/v suspension (12.5 mg/kg BW) to female Sprague Dawley rats, by oral gavage daily for 10 days and detected presence of particles in all the major gut associated lymphoid tissue as well as in distant organs such as the liver, spleen, lung and peritoneal tissue, but not in heart and kidney. The distribution and toxicity of nano- (25 nm, 80 nm) and submicron-sized (155 nm) TiO2 particles were evaluated in mice administered a large, single, oral dosing (5 g/kg BW) by gavage. In the animals that were sacrificed two weeks later, ICP-MS analysis showed that the particles were retained mainly in liver, spleen, kidney, and lung tissues, indicating that they can be transported to other tissues and organs after uptake by the gastrointestinal tract. Interestingly, although an extremely high dose was administrated, no acute toxicity was observed. In groups exposed to 80 nm and 155 nm particles, histopathological changes were observed in the liver, kidney and in the brain. The biochemical serum parameters also indicated liver, kidney and cardiovascular damage and were higher in mice treated with nano-sized (25 or 80 nm) TiO2 compared to submicron-sized (155 nm) TiO2. However, the main weaknesses of this study are the use of extremely high single dose and insufficient characterisation of the particles.
Stability and darkening[edit]
Market Dynamics
At the present JECFA meeting, the committee considered additional toxicological studies relevant to the safety assessment of the chemical that investigated its toxicokinetics, acute toxicity, short-term toxicity, long-term toxicity and carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicity, as well as special studies addressing its short-term initiation/promotion potential for colon cancer. The experts acknowledged that a large number of toxicological studies have been conducted using test materials, including nanoparticles, having size distributions and physico-chemical properties not comparable to real-world uses of titanium dioxide as a food additive. The studies on non-representative materials were evaluated by JECFA, but the committee concluded that such studies are not relevant to the safety assessment of the additive.
According to the feedback of the manufacturers, the new mainstream factory has risen, and the focus of the overall market transaction has moved up. From the perspective of demand side, the current overall intention of the terminal to replenish inventory before the holiday is OK; From the supply side, some mainstream manufacturers have increased the load, and the actual output of the industry is stable. Most factories report a new price of around 17,000 yuan/ton, and some plastics and papermaking related downstream feedback some tight models are more expensive. Recent titanium dioxide raw material price trend is strong, titanium dioxide price support is more stable, comprehensive market factors, the current titanium dioxide market to maintain a price state.
Titanium dioxide is typically micronized and coated for use in cosmetics products. The micronizing makes this somewhat heavy-feeling ingredient easier to spread on skin, plus a bit more cosmetically elegant. Micronized titanium dioxide is much more stable and can provide better sun protection than non-micronized titanium dioxide.