Amines are organic compounds derived from ammonia by the replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by organic radicals. In the context of boiler water treatment, amines serve primarily as volatile amine-based corrosion inhibitors. The most widely used types of amines in this context include monoethanolamine (MEA), diethylaminoethanol (DEAE), and morpholine.
Formulation refers to the process of combining APIs with other substances to develop a viable drug product. These additional substances, often referred to as excipients, can include fillers, binders, preservatives, and stabilizers. The formulation is crucial because it determines the drug's stability, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties.
api and formulation in pharma
The pH level of feed water is crucial for the efficient operation of an RO system. A pH that is too low (acidic) or too high (alkaline) can lead to membrane damage and decreased performance. pH adjusters, such as sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) or sulfuric acid, are used to stabilize the pH of the water entering the system. Maintaining the optimal pH range can enhance the solubility of minerals and improve the overall separation efficiency of the RO process.