Ammonium thio typically consists of the ammonium ion (NH4+) and a thiol or thio compound, which may include sulfonates or thioglycerol and related compounds. The sulfur atom present in these compounds is vital, as it lends specific reactive characteristics due to its ability to form covalent bonds with various organic molecules.
APIs exist in various forms, including small molecules, biologics, and peptides, each playing a critical role in different therapeutic areas. Small molecule APIs are well-established and form the basis of many traditional medications, like aspirin and antibiotics. In contrast, biologics—such as monoclonal antibodies—have surged in popularity due to their efficacy in treating complex diseases like cancer and autoimmune disorders. The emergence of new technologies has also fostered the development of peptide APIs, which hold promise in areas such as hormone replacement therapy and cancer treatment.